Caracterización anatómica de tres especies forestales comerciales mediante tinciones, procedentes del Bosque Análogo Don Ramón, ubicado en el cantón Cumandá, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

Ecuador is a privileged country due to its location, is biodiversity, the richness of its fauna and accelerated growth of its flora, but with little information about the wood anatomical and organoleptical characteristics, this researching proposes: to characterize anatomically three commercial forestall species through stains, this come from the Analogue Forest "Don Ramón", located in the Cumandá canton, Chimborazo Province to contribute with truthful and concise information. The 3 gather species in the area are known as: Laurel, "Pachaco" and Teak. The herbarium of the Escuela Superior Politécnica of Chimborazo was used for the dendrological identification. 2 cm3 cubes were realized for the anatomical identification, for the softening in the autoclave it was submitted to a temperature of 121 ºC, with a pressure of 11,61 atm, these were softening during a cycle (1 hour), the cuts (transversal, tangential and radial) were realized with the rotary microtome calibrated to 0,3 microns, the sheets that were obtained were put in Petri dish with distilled water for its hydration for the stains colocation: safranin to 1 %, blue #1 to 1 %, and malachite green to 0,5 %, getting to observe all the anatomical structures in the three cuts. Test tubes with the following dimensions were done: 2 x 9 x 15 cm for the organoleptic characteristics (texture, lustre, smell, flavour, grain and veined). Four cubes for each species were isolated to calculate the average density. Finally, comparative tables of the three species under study were done, using an analysis of variance.

Keywords: ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS - ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS – DENDROLOGY - COMMERCIAL FORESTALL SPECIES - ANALOGUE FOREST.