Modelo de producción más limpia para la microempresa “Productos Lácteos del Norte” ubicada en la ciudad de Tulcán.

Abstract

A cleaner production model was made for the Productos Lacteos del Norte microenterprise located in Tulcan city. For this, a methodology of the “Guía de Producción Más Limpia para el Sector Lácteo” of the CP National Center of Nicaragua and the “Guía Técnica General de Producción Más Limpia” of the Sustainable Technologies Promotion’s Center of Bolivia was followed and these two guides served as the base of this work. The methodology is divided into four phases: the first phase was Planning and Organization in which the commitment of management was achieved. The second phase consisted in the pre-evaluation where the quantitative and qualitative information of the microenterprise was collected by applying a 15-day sampling in the factory through the use of resource consumption tables (water and energy) and raw materials and supplies, in addition to the daily production carried out and the characterization of waste. Physicochemical analysis of wastewater from the production process, interviews with the manager and workers to know the reality of the plant was made. The third phase was the evaluation in which the collected information was ordered and balances were made to obtain exact quantitative data and through these, the SWOT analysis of the microenterprise was elaborated in order to identify possible CP opportunities to improve the factory situation. The fourth phase was the feasibility study where CP opportunities were analyzed in technical, economic and environmental terms. We identified 17 CP options applicable to the microenterprise and it was concluded that its implementation will generate great environmental and economic benefits since it is more profitable from the point of view of inputs costs reduction and microenterprise’s resources. It is recommended that the implementation of the CP Model begin with the opportunities identified as a short term since no large monetary investment is required.