Análisis de rendimiento de la tecnología LoRaWAN aplicado al desarrollo de un sistema de monitoreo de calidad de aire en la Unidad Educativa Santo Tomás Apóstol Riobamba.

Abstract

The objective of this titling work was to implement a system for monitoring air quality using the LoRaWAN technology within the Unidad Educativa Santo Tomás Apóstol located in the city of Riobamba, where three devices were used, two of them for data collection on environmental pollutants: Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Ozone and Particulate Material specified according to the Ecuadorian Air Quality Norm (EAQN), operated by the sensors: MQ7, MQ131, MQ136 and DSM501A; while, the third device is responsible for wireless communication through the RA-01 LORA SX1278 module that allows the transmission and reception of information between the transmitting nodes and the gateway, where communications are established in a range of 0 at 60 meters without packet loss and with adequate levels of throughput, latency and sensitivity between wireless low power wide area networks (LPWAN). The data is processed in the module ESP8266 NODE MCU that transfers and stores them in real time in a Web Server of the IoT platform called ThingSpeak, and in turn they are analysed under the guidelines established by the EAQN where the levels of contaminants that affect the health of the human beings were evaluated those which are shown through a mobile application. In conclusion, the system showed that the pollutant with high concentrations was the Carbon Monoxide reaching a high level at night, while the other pollutants reached a level of alert for short periods of time not causing health risks. The use of LoRaWAN technology is recommended for projects that require long distance communications, without line of sight and low energy consumption.