Evaluación del comportamiento de Aspergillus niger y Penicillium spp en la degradación de bioplástico elaborado a partir de almidón de cáscara de plátano.

Abstract

The present study evaluated the behavior of Aspergillus niger and Penicillum spp in the degradation of bioplastic made from starch of banana peel at laboratory level. Plastic is a contaminating material for nature and with a long degradation period, generating a very serious environmental problem. In search of a solution, bioplastics have been created that are easily degradable, but with higher costs than the existing polymers. 20 experimental units were made whit the bioplastic plus 2 control units, incubated at a temperature of 28 oC. Gravimetric test, pH variation and lugol tests were made at 30 and 60 days of the experimental phase. It was determined that the Aspergillus niger strain had greater degradation of the bioplastic with 20% and final pH of 3,41. On the other hand, the highest recorded degradation of Penicillum spp was 8% with a final pH of 3,47. The results obtained by the two strains were at 60 days of the experimental phase. By means of the lugol´s test in the bioplastics, it was determined that there was still the presence of starch, after the time of experimentation, so that, it is concluded that the degradation can continue.