Determinación de la efectividad de agentes microbianos para la degradación de tensoactivos dodecil bencen sulfonato de sodio lineal presente en detergentes.

Abstract

In this research, the efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and efficient Microorganisms was determined for the degradation of the linear sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate surfactant present in detergents, being this one used as a substrate for microorganisms. Five treatments were applied for each of the microorganisms at different concentrations of the surfactant, two higher (C2 and C3), two lower (C4 and C5) and one equal to the amount recommended by the manufacturer (C1) and a control without detergent (TEST), in triplicate. Each one of the concentrations was calibrated to 1000 ml of water and agitated until homogenized. Subsequently, each experimental unit was inoculated with 100 ml of the bioproduct. The number of spores was determined by quantification with the Neubauer chamber every 4 days for 32 days. The concentration of surfactant contained in the tests at 32 days was known by the HACH 8028 method. There was a higher concentration of spores in the MEC2 treatment (it represents twice the amount of detergent recommended by the manufacturer) with 6.537x107 CFU/ml at 32 days. The ANOVA statistical analysis determined a coefficient of variation of 8.34%. After the 32 days of the test, the highest percentage of degradation of the surfactant occurred in the MEC2 treatments (it represent twice the amount of detergent recommended by the manufacturer) and MEC4 (represent half the amount of detergent recommended by the manufacturer) with values of (75.02% and 73.59%). It is concluded that the highest efficiency gave the (EM) efficient microorganisms for the degradation of the surfactant, so its application is recommended in high concentrations of surfactants.