Evaluación de la calidad del suelo de la Finca Palmicultora Las Palmeras, cantón La Concordia.

Abstract

The objective is to evaluate the quality of the land of the property dedicated to the monoculture of African palm through a comparison of two types of soils, one intervened with palm (SPA) and another soil not intervened with that crop (SNP). In the methodology, the extraction of 10 composite samples of each type of soil, made up of 16 simple samples was carried out, a GPS was used to locate the sampling points in the extension of the farm. The subtraction was executed at 20 cm depth in 16 points chosen in zic zac in one hectare, afterwards the tumbling action was carried out followed by the quartering method of compound samples. The parameters were texture, porosity, MO, pH and concentrations of macronutrients and micronutrients, the average results were: porosity of SPA 52.31% and SNP 56.57%, pH is 6.33 for SPA and 6.72 for SNP and the texture of the soils is sandy loam. As conclusions it was demonstrated that there is a nonsignificant difference of concentrations between the analyzed soils, the texture of the soil influences its performance, since they are known for their low retention of liquids and nutrients, by means of the calculation of soil quality index it was determined that the soil samples are in conditions of moderate quality (0.40 - 0.59). This research allowed us to identify the alterations in physical and chemical properties and the loss of plant diversity in the plantation area of Elaeis guineensis. Finally, a management plan for agricultural use was developed it will contribute to the care and administration of the plantation and its organic and inorganic waste, the use of natural waste contributes to the reduction of fertilizer use, avoiding impacts on the soil.