Diseño y construcción de un equipo para la extracción de aceite de Sésamo (Sesamum indicum) y Nuez (Juglans regia).

Abstract

We designed and built a machine to extract nut and sesame oil, which was located in the Organic Chemistry Laboratory in the Sciences Faculty of the Universidad Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH). Students who are studying related careers can use this machine. After making the engineering calculations for the design and taking into considerations the standards and theoretical principles already established in the bibliography, the construction of the machine took place. It encompasses two main parts for its correct operation: gearmotor, after analyzing the pressure standards, and volume flow rate in the case of the seed that requires force for its extraction. It was determined that the equipment requires a 2HP – 60 rpm; and cylinder lines, screw and dado required the choice of a corrosion and high pressure resistance material. Thus, we established the use of stainless steel AISI 304 because its properties are suitable for the given specifications in the design. We validated the equipment when it was placed in the laboratory through a practice and we collected the necessary information to develop the mass and energy balances. It was concluded that efficiency of the process with nut was 70,69% and the sesame was 59,28%. The oil obtained can be used in diverse fields in the industry. With the oil seed extraction equipment, we try to promote a research initiative in the community about the possible uses of the oil obtained through this process.