Diseño de un proceso para la obtención de pectina en medio ácido a partir de la Cáscara de Papa (Solanum tuberosum).

Abstract

The present research work proposes for designing the process for obtaining pectin from potato husks (Solanum tuberosum) at laboratory Analytical Chemistry at Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. it carried out several processes, starting with the pre-treatment of raw material to which the physicochemical characteristics were determined with a bromatological analysis where the following values were obtained: Fiber 4.37%, Humidity 83.72%, Raw material used was the (Variety of potato-Superchola). Then, acid hydrolysis was performed where an experimental design-Taguchi was used, which allowed to interact the most important variables from this process: pH, temperature and hydrolysis time found in this way the best extraction conditions: pH 1.5, extraction time 60’ and extraction temperature 90 0C; with these parameters, a yield of 14.34% was obtained. For pectin precipitation 960 ethanol was used with a ratio of 40% for the hydrolysis liquid and the drying was carried out at a temperature of 50 oC. With data obtained from the experimental part, the sizing of the equipment was carried out for a production of 129.06 kg from pectin, using as feed 900 kg of potato husk; A financial study was conducted where the following values were obtained: IRR 94% and VAN $ 684.276,0. Validating the design of the process the characteristics from extracted pectin were obtained with the following values: 78.21% galacturonic acid, 7. 93% humidity , 11.2% methyl’s content and 1.49% ashes, these values compared with the ranges established by International Pectin Products Association IPPA for purity pectin, which are found within of ranges and therefore pectin obtained is considered acceptable.