Biorremediación de los suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos provenientes de la Estación de Secoya utilizando un consorcio bacteriano aerobio a escala de laboratorio.

Abstract

The bioremediation of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons from the Secoya Station was developed in order to carry out a bacterial native aerobic consortium and reduce the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), this research was carried out in the laboratory (CESITA). The bioremediation technique used was by bioaugmentation, physical-chemical and microbiological characterization of contaminated soil, successive dilutions, isolation and purification, plating, macroscopic and microscopic characterization. Finally, the selection tests were carried out: emulsifying activity, degradative power and antagonism. When the selection tests were carried out, 10 bacterial strains were obtained that formed the aerobic bacterial consortium. The inoculum was used to dose it in the soil contaminated with hydrocarbons. The soil underwent three different treatments: Treatment A, B and C, each with its three repetitions; each treatment contained 1kg of contaminated soil as well as its repetitions with a total of 9 kg. For treatment A: it was added (500 mL of inoculum), Treatment B (500 mL of inoculum plus 30% of organic matter) and for treatment C (no inoculum or organic matter was added). A record of pH, humidity and bacterial count control parameters was taken, in order to provide adequate conditions for the development of the bacterial consortium. As a result, Treatment A obtained 76.90%, Treatment B 86% and Treatment C 22.10% removal of TPH. As a result, it was determined that TB obtained the highest TPH removal with 86% in 52 days, reaching the hypothesis proposed. It is recommended to carry out further studies aimed at the bioremediation of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and other pollutants by obtaining aerobic bacterial consortiums.