Curtición de pieles ovinas con la utilización de un tanino catiónico castanea sativa y tres niveles de cromo (3%, 4% y 5%)

Abstract

In the tannery atelier of the FC, of the ESPOCH, the tanning was evaluated with different levels of chromium (3 %, 4 %, 5 %) in agreement with a cationic tannin Castanea sativa (3.5 %) in obtaining leather for clothing, using 24 sheepskins that were distributed in 4 treatments and 6 repetitions. Molded whit a completely random design. The results of the analysis of the physical resistances determined that the best resistance is the tension (1287.77 N/cm2) was obtained in the control treatment that was tanned with 7 % chromium (T0). Meanwhile, the highest elongation percentage (55.42 %) was whit 5 % chromium and 3.5 % cationic tannin (T3), complying with the established technical norms, in that the highest contraction temperature (91.67 °C) it was obtained with 3 % chromium plus 3.5 % cationic tannin (T1). The best ponderation of touch (5 points) and fullness (5 points) is achieved by tanning with 5% chromium plus 3.5 % cationine tannin (T3), while the best smoothness (5 points) is achieved by the treatment control (T0). The highest profitability is achieved by working with 3 % chromium and 3.5 % cationic tannin (T1) since the cost benefit ratio was 1.25; that is, for each dollar invested, a 25 cents profit is expected, which is satisfactory for the current moments of the economy, plus the value added in environmental care.

Key words: TANNING; CHROMIUM; CATIONIC TANNIN; TENSION; ELONGATION; CONTRACTION; TACT; FULLNESS; SMOOTHNESS.