Determinación del caudal y calidad de agua mediante bioindicadores en los páramos de la comunidad El Calvario, ubicado en el cantón Tisaleo, provincia de Tungurahua.

Abstract

This research proposed: to determine the water flow and quality through bio indicators in the Paramos of the El Calvario community, located in the Tisaleo Canton, Tungurahua province. For flow measuarement, the, volumetric gauging method and the triangular landfill 5 different stations were used; obtaining as a result that the flow rate has a monthly average volume of 12, 50 L/sec. The physical analyses according to the averages of the three study areas were as follows: color 220,67Und/Pt, conductivity 57,50 µSiems/cm.s; the turbidity 17,65UNT, the ranges are not acceptable, whereas in the dissolved solids 36,50mg/L, the hardness 40,00mg/L, with what is found in balanced quantities. Chemical analyses determined that PH 6,0 acid; Chromium 0.03mg/L, nitrate at 1,20 mg/L, nitrite 0,08mg/L, according to the TULSMA standards are at moderate levels, but in terms of lead with 0,32mg/L Cadmium 0,03mg/L and copper with 0,09 mg/L determining that they are not at acceptable levels. The microbiological analyses the total coliforms of the three zones were obtained an average of 65343, 33CFU/100ml; in fecal coliforms the average was 3267, 00CFU/100ml, according to the quality standards limits are out of the set. In the macro-invertebrate analyses with the BMWP index in the season (0-4) the pollution is moderate and the quality is regular, while in the pollution season 5 is light and its quality is acceptable. As for the ABI index it was determined that all stations have a regular quality. As analyzed it is concluded that, the water quality is not acceptable and a bioremediation is recommended to balance physicochemical properties and inhibit certain elements, mainly heavy metals dangerous to health and other activities.

Key word: FLOW- WATER QUALITY- MACRO-INVERTEBRATES- BIONDICATION INDEXES.