Diagnóstico de la Agrobiodiversidad nativa de papa (salanum spp.) y maíz (Zea mays L.) en 5 comunidades de la provincia de Bolívar.

Abstract

The present investigation proposes to diagnose the native biodiversity of potato (Solanum ssp.) and corn (Zea mays L.) in 5 communities of the province of Bolívar, through the application of the methodology of a focal group, carrying out a total of 11 focal groups of leaders, women and youth, 4 for the cultivation of potatoes and 7 for the cultivation of corn with the participation of 7 to 15 people per focal group. As a result, a report of 60 potato varieties was kept; 70% are native varieties present, 3% are absent, 20% are improved varieties and 5% improved varieties are absent. In the report of maize a total 29 names were mentioned with which farmers feel identified; according to the characteristics, 11 genotypes of maize were selected. 67% are native genotypes that are present in the communities, 25% of improved corn is present, 8% improved absent, and no reports of native corn were found absent in the communities due to the uses and destinies of production. The most frequent ways to obtain genetic material are by the recycling of seeds and the activities learnt from their ancestors. The existing use of native agro-biodiversity in the communities is aimed at human and animal feeding. During the observation of the families, their economy depends on the agricultural activities, so in the Coles family 15 varieties of native potatoes where found and in the Pazmiño family 2 genotypes of native corn were found.

Key words: AGRO-BIODIVERSITY- NATIVE POTATO VARIETIES - NATIVE MAIZE GENOTYPES.