Estudio arqueobotánico de los restos carpológicos provenientes de los campos de cultivo agrícolas del área arqueológica del Monte Puñay, provincias de Cañar y Chimborazo.

Abstract

This research work proposes: to study the archeobotany of carpological remains from cropping fields from Puñay mount archeological site, Cañar and Chimborazo provinces. Through agrodiversity, this study proposes to contribute to the rescue of ancestral knowledges and to guarantee food sovereignty. Through the collection of carpo-remains from Nizag, Patarata, Caramaute, Shushilicon, Campala, Moya and Joyaczhi study sites 28,063 carpo-remnants recovered from the coping sites, where 113 types of the carpo-remnants belong to the archeobotanical contexts and from which 80 were identified taxonomically, while the rest were grouped as ¨TYPE¨ categories. For the deposit geo-referencing GPS ¨Geographic Information System¨ and Google Earth were used. The site limiting was performed using ARCGIS. For the biometric characterization of the cropping sites carpological remnants of the study site variables such as tegument surface, 2D shape, 3D shape, weight, size and margin type and apex type. The variability of the taxonomic composition of the taxonomic groups depend on the dominance, since in production sites such as Paltarata there is a scarce diversity of species but an abundance in carpological remnant production. The samples show that there is an equity of carpological groups since in sites such as Nizag where there is a greater plant diversity, there is low carpological remnant production. One of the main taxonomic composition factors is the altitudinal range, since in higher sites there is less diversity and more individuals while in lower sites there is greater equity by having less seed production.