Diseño e implementación de un sistema de dirección colapsable para un prototipo solar de competencia por medio del estudio y selección de los componentes que cumplan con los requisitos establecidos.

Abstract

The objective of the degree project is to design and implement the steering system of solar competition prototype through the study and selection of components that meet the requirements established by the solar race Atacama. For this purpose, information was collected and analyzed based on rules and regulations that meet the needs of the design and implementation of the steering system, but for its selection the weighting method was used, which showed us that the most favorable alternative is the mechanical system with a sprocket mechanism – rack, which met the requirements established by the Atacama solar race, because of the location of the steering systems in the prototype, Solidworks software was employed for the design of the additional elements such us drive Mechanisms. While the drive mechanisms of the steering system are under stress, the respective analyses were carried out, for which the Ansys software was used, which showed us a safety factor of 3, A maximum stress less than the resistance of the material and a minimum deformation, for which it is considered that it will not suffer failures during its operation. After the construction of the steering system, the lower and upper drive mechanisms provide deformations of 3 degrees and 10 mm at their extremities, which does not influence driving at low speeds, but at high speeds affects their stability. By carrying out the respective operational tests, the steering system incorporated in the solar vehicle Atacama did not present vibrations, strange noises, rattles, vibrations or strange sounds. In addition, there is stability in its driving, for which reason it is considered that the elements selected and mechanisms designed are adequate for the prototype but improvements must be made to the design.