Relación entre hiperfosfatemia y dieta baja en fósforo para pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis en UNIDIAL durante el año 2016.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to analyze the relationship between hyperphosphatemia and low phosphorus diet for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), in hemodialysis treatment, who attended the UNIDIAL Dialysis Center, in Guayaquil, during 2016. It presented a non-experimental, longitudinal, retrospective design, with a population of | 70 patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis treatment, in both sexes, 33 female patients, 37 male patients, with an average age of 53.6 years with a maximum of 78 years and a minimum of 18 years according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was carried out through a format in which the company’s clinical objectives are found, which include values of biochemical parameters (phosphorus - iPTH), carried out in the clinical laboratory that maintains an agreement with Unidial, clinical histories carried out in the dialysis center where age, sex, etiology, weight, height, BMI were obtained. When analyzing the nutritional status measured by body mass index (BMI), 47.1% of overweight (Overweight, Obesity I and II) was found in the studied population. A descriptive and correlational analysis of the serum phosphorus value was perfomed before and after the dietetic intervention, a mean difference of -0.38 mg / dl was found, which indicates that there was a decrease. This difference is statistically significant p = 0.0001. It is advisable to continue with the nutritional education of the patient and their families, as well as eating plans with exchanges with low phosphorus, intake while maintaining the adequate supply of proteins of high biological value, to avoid malnutrition.